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From Ovarian to Uterine: Exploring the Major Gynaecological Cancers
Gynaecological cancers affect thousands of women every year, but awareness, early detection, and advances in treatment have made a significant difference in how these conditions are managed. These cancers, which develop in a woman’s reproductive organs, include ovarian, uterine (also called endometrial), cervical, vulvar, and vaginal cancers.
Every type has its own causes, symptoms, and treatment options, but they all share one important aspect – early diagnosis can greatly improve outcomes. In this blog, we’ll explore the major gynaecological cancers, focusing on ovarian and uterine cancers, while discussing ways women can take charge of their health.
Ovarian Cancer
Ovarian cancer, commonly referred to as the “silent” cancer, develops in the ovaries, which are the organs that make eggs and hormones like oestrogen and progesterone. It may not always provide clear symptoms early on, which is why it is important to have annual check-ups, and to make note of any subtle changes in your body.
Uterine Cancer
The most common gynaecological cancer is uterine cancer, which is usually found in the lining of the uterus – known as the endometrium. Most patients present with very clear symptoms, such as abnormal vaginal bleeding, especially bleeding that is present after menopause. This early warning sign allows for quicker diagnosis and effective treatment, making uterine cancer highly treatable when caught early.
Cervical Cancer
Thanks to the increase in awareness, regular screening through Pap smears and the introduction of the HPV vaccine, cervical cancer rates have decreased over time. Cervical cancer develops in the cervix, often due to persistent infection with the human papillomavirus (HPV). Preventive measures such as the HPV vaccine and early detection through screening have made cervical cancer one of the most preventable and treatable cancers.
Vaginal Cancer
Vaginal cancer is also rare and is more likely to occur in women over the age of 60. Symptoms can include abnormal bleeding, pelvic pain, or an increased need to urinate. Symptoms may include abnormal bleeding, pelvic pain, or a more frequent urge to urinate. As with other gynaecological cancers, it is important to have regular gynaecological exams for early detection.
Common Symptoms of Gynaecological Cancers
Some symptoms and red flags commonly shared by all types of gynaecological cancers are discussed below:
- Abnormal vaginal bleeding or discharge is a common symptom across all gynaecological cancers other than vulvar cancer.
- Pelvic pain or pressure is commonly associated with ovarian and uterine cancers.
- Bloating, feeling full quickly, abdominal or back pain are signs often linked to ovarian cancer.
- A frequent or urgent need to urinate and constipation can be symptoms of ovarian and vaginal cancers.
- Itching, burning, pain, or changes in the skin of the vulva, like rashes, sores, or warts, are unique to vulvar cancer.
Awareness and Prevention
As we have reiterated throughout the blog, prevention is always better than cure and early detection is key to successfully treating gynaecological cancers. Regular gynaecological check-ups and being aware of your body’s changes can make a huge difference in catching these cancers early. Here are some proactive steps to help reduce your risk:
- All women up to the age of 45 are strongly advised to get the HPV vaccine.
- All women between the ages of 21 to 65 should get regular Pap smears and pelvic exams.
- If you have a family history of cancer, look into genetic counselling or testing to better understand your risks.
- Having a healthy weight, saying no to tobacco and alcohol, and being physically active are also key.
When to Seek Medical Advice
Listening to your body is crucial. If you experience vaginal bleeding that’s unusual for you, consult a doctor immediately – especially if it occurs after menopause, which should always be reported. If you’re still menstruating, be aware of heavier, longer periods or bleeding between cycles, as these are important signs to discuss with your healthcare provider.
Other symptoms like persistent pain, bloating, or changes in urination lasting for two weeks or more should also be checked, even if they don’t seem severe. While many conditions can cause these symptoms, it is always important to seek medical advice if something feels off.
Advanced Treatment Options at Apollo
At Apollo Hospitals, we offer state-of-the-art treatment options for gynaecological cancers, providing patients with cutting-edge medical care. Apollo’s comprehensive cancer care includes the latest advancements in surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and precision medicine.
Robotic Surgery
Precision-driven, minimally invasive surgeries for complex cases like hysterectomies and ovarian cancer.
Targeted Therapy
Personalised treatments using genetic testing, like PARP inhibitors, that attack cancer cells while sparing healthy tissue.
Immunotherapy
Boosts the immune system to fight cancer, especially beneficial for advanced stages.
Radiation Therapy
Advanced techniques like IGRT and IMRT deliver targeted radiation, minimising harm to healthy tissues.
Apollo’s holistic, multidisciplinary approach ensures every patient receives tailored, expert care for the best possible outcome. Reach out to us today to schedule a visit to your nearest Apollo Cancer Centre.
Contact Details
Corporate office:
Shafee Mohammed Road, Chennai 600 006, India.
Contact Details
Corporate office:
Shafee Mohammed Road, Chennai 600 006, India.